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| République d'Haïti Repiblik d AyitiRepublic of Haiti | ||||||
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| Motto "L'Union Fait La Force" (French) "Unity makes Strength" | ||||||
| Anthem La Dessalinienne | ||||||
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| Capital (and largest city) | Port-au-Prince 18°32′N, 72°20′W | |||||
| Official languages | French, Haitian Creole | |||||
| Demonym | Haitian | |||||
| Government | Republic | |||||
| - | President | René Préval | ||||
| - | Prime Minister | Jacques-Edouard Alexis | ||||
| Formation | ||||||
| - | as Saint-Domingue | 1697 | ||||
| - | Independence from France | January 1, 1804 | ||||
| Area | ||||||
| - | Total | 27,750 km² (146th) 10,714 sq mi | ||||
| - | Water (%) | 0.7 | ||||
| Population | ||||||
| - | July 2005 estimate | 8,528,0001 (88th) | ||||
| - | 1982 census | 5,053,792 | ||||
| - | Density | 292.7 /km² (38th) 758.1 /sq mi | ||||
| GDP (PPP) | 2006 estimate | |||||
| - | Total | $14.76 (2006 est.) billion (124th) | ||||
| - | Per capita | $1800 ((2006 est.)purchasing power parity): GDP (official exchange rate): $5.953 billion (2006 est.) GDP - real growth rate: 2.3% (2006 est.) (153th) | ||||
| Gini (2001) | 59.2 (high) | |||||
| HDI (2004) |  0.482 (low) (154th) | |||||
| Currency | Gourde (HTG) | |||||
| Time zone | (UTC-5) | |||||
| - | Summer (DST) | (UTC-4) | ||||
| Internet TLD | .ht | |||||
| Calling code | +509 | |||||
| 1 | Note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and gender than would otherwise be expected. | |||||
Haiti (IPA: ), officially the Republic of Haiti (République d'Haïti, Repiblik d Ayiti), is a French and Creole speaking Latin American country located in the Greater Antilles archipelago on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, which it shares with the Dominican Republic. Haiti includes many smaller islands such as La Gonâve, La Tortue (Tortuga), Les Cayemites, Île de Anacaona, and La Grande Caye. The uninhabited island of Navasse is claimed by both Haiti and the United States. 'Ayiti' (Haiti) was the indigenous Taíno or Amerindian name for the island. Its highest point is Pic la Selle, at 2,680 meters. The total area of Haiti is 27,750 km² (10,714 square miles) and its capital is Port-au-Prince.
A former French colony, Haiti bears several historical feats: Haiti became the first independent black republic and the only nation ever to form from a successful slave rebellion. Haiti is also the second non-native country in the Americas (after the United States) as well as the first (and therefore the oldest) nation in Latin America to declare its independence, on January 1, 1804.
Haiti has recently undergone a state of transition following the forced ousting of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide on February 29, 2004. The circumstances surrounding his departure from office are disputed. René Préval was elected president in his place on February 7, 2006, and took office in May of that year.
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